Mars Attacks!

RADIO ANNOUNCER: "Good heavens, something's wriggling out of the shadow like a gray snake. Now here's another and another one and another one. They look like tentacles to me ... I can see the thing's body now. It's large, large as a bear. It glistens like wet leather. But that face, it ... it ... ladies and gentlemen, it's indescribable. I can hardly force myself to keep looking at it, it's so awful. The eyes are black and gleam like a serpent. The mouth is kind of V-shaped with saliva dripping from its rimless lips that seem to quiver and pulsate."

"... More state police have arrived. They're drawing up a cordon in front of the pit, about thirty of them ... the captain and two policemen advance with something in their hands. I can see it now. It's a white handkerchief tied to a pole ... a flag of truce. If those creatures know what that means ... what anything means! ... Wait! Something's happening! ... There's a jet of flame ... it leaps right at the advancing men. It strikes them head on! Good Lord, they're turning into flame! Now the whole field's caught fire. There's an explosion! The woods ... the barns ... the gas tanks of automobiles ... it's spreading everywhere. It's coming this way. About twenty yards to my right ... 

(CRASH OF MICROPHONE ... THEN DEAD SILENCE)

It was prime time for radio: Sunday evening, October 30, 1938, as millions of Americans listening to the radio heard something they'd never heard from the radio before ... 6 interminable seconds of radio silence.

Their imaginations ran wild – the horror was real: a real Martian invasion was underway. One of the biggest mass hysteria events in U.S. history had begun. What was first reported as a large meteor crashing into a farmer's field in Grovers Mills, New Jersey was rapidly escalating into reports far and wide of a wide scale invasion from Mars.

But the silence was not caused by a microphone and its hapless reporter, being "heat-rayed" into oblivion by Martian walking war machines.

Far from it.

Back in New York City, 23-year-old “boy wonder” of the theatre, Orson Welles, was directing the radio drama, War of the Worlds, an adaptation of H.G. Wells's 1898 novel of the same name. His Mercury Theatre on the Air had become very popular, but little did he know that many of his listeners had tuned in late – too late to hear the announcer mention that the show was fiction. The 6 seconds of radio silence were not brought on by death-dealing Martians; it came out of the creative mind of the supreme mischief maker himself.

At this "dead air" point in the radio script, the inspired Welles poised, arms raised, while his entire assemblage of actors, musicians, sound effects people and stage hands literally froze in place.

Then the downbeat . . .

SECOND ANNOUNCER: "Ladies and gentlemen, I have just been handed a message that came in from Grovers Mill by telephone. At least forty people, including six state troopers lie dead in a field east of the village of Grovers Mill, their bodies burned and distorted beyond all possible recognition. The next voice you hear will be that of Brigadier General Montgomery Smith, commander of the state militia at Trenton, New Jersey ..."

And reports of the escalating carnage went on and on and on. By now, the imagination of the listeners was running wild, with thousands desperately trying to flee. Panic broke out across the country. Perhaps as many as a million radio listeners that night believed that a real Martian invasion was underway.

When the hoax was finally revealed some two thirds into the 62-minute broadcast, public outrage was swift – and loud. The program's news-bulletin format was described as cruel and deceptive. Newspapers and public figures alike decried this "end-of-the-world" broadcast. In the end, however, no one went to jail, no one was ever proven harmed, and Welles went on to Hollywood, where he made perhaps the greatest movie of all time: Citizen Kane.

Although I was around at the time, I missed the excitement. I was only one day old!

You can read the original radio script here.

You can download the broadcast itself here.

Heads up! You can watch/DVR a 75th anniversary rebroadcast of the PBS documentary "WAR OF THE WORLDS: AMERICAN EXPERIENCE" at 4-5 a.m. Friday, November 1. See a preview here.

A State Fair Mystery Story: The Wise Man's Riddle

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The Power of Failure

Mary Lewis Wyche: "Florence Nightingale" of North Carolina

Mary Lewis Wyche was born on February 26, 1858 near Henderson, North Carolina. She felt a strong call to go into the nursing profession but was thwarted by both family obligations and the absence of any nursing schools in the state. After years of first taking care of her many siblings, she finally graduated from the Philadelphia General Hospital Training School in 1894. Now 36, Mary returned home to pursue her dream in earnest. She took a good look around; the standards for nursing in North Carolina were "Anything, Everything, and Next to Nothing." There were no standards. Nurses had little training or respect and patient care suffered.

Mary became Chief Nursing Officer of the newly established Rex Hospital in Raleigh and wasted no time in creating the first school of nursing in North Carolina – Rex Hospital Training School for Nurses. She would establish nursing standards herself. Armed with the latest facts and guidelines from the International Council of Nurses, she resolved to form a statewide nursing organization dedicated to improving both the profession through nursing registration and patient care through legislative advocacy.

She would have to step beyond her own setting and into the less familiar world of policy and politics. Her success would depend on summoning up not only the power, the will, the time and the energy, but the political skills needed to "play the game" in the legislative arena. Her first attempt was in 1901. She sent post cards to the Raleigh nurses with this request:

"Please meet me at the office of Dr. A. W. Knox at four o'clock p.m. Wednesday, October 10, 1901."

No one showed up.

Surely, she thought, she had failed.

It would be easy to give up – after all, she was only a woman. And how could she influence the state government if women still couldn't vote in North Carolina? For that matter, how could she influence anyone? Just who did she think she was, anyhow?

She would show them – Mary Lewis Wyche was not a quitter. Two weeks later she sent out a second post card to the same nurses:

"There will be another important meeting of the Raleigh Nurses Association at 4 o'clock p.m. Wednesday, October 24, 1901."

The "Raleigh Nurses Association" existed only in her mind. This time, indifference was replaced by curiosity. The ruse worked. Every nurse heeded the second notice. Excitedly, Mary immediately confessed her ploy to them and presented her plans for this new organization. Much to her surprise, they all wanted to join!

In 1902, with the help of her fledgling Raleigh Nurses Association, Mary set out to organize a state nurses association. They sent questionnaires and invitations to every nurse in the state whose address they could learn. The response was favorable, so plans were made for these nurses to meet in Raleigh during State Fair Week when railroads offered special rates. Fourteen nurses came and the North Carolina State Nurses Association (NCNA) was formed.

Mary was not through – not by a long shot. She couldn't vote, but she could persuade. She mobilized support and pushed for the regulation of nursing practice in the North Carolina legislature. On March 3, 1903, the Nursing Practice Act was signed into law by Governor Charles Aycock, making North Carolina the first state in the union mandating registration for nurses. Mary's dream of providing safeguards for the public and the profession had at last come true. She had literally revolutionized the nursing profession in North Carolina.

"Success is not final, failure is not fatal; it is the courage to continue that counts." – Winston Churchill

Since 1975, the new NCNA headquarters has been located in Raleigh at 103 Enterprise Street. Recently (October 2-4), the 106th Annual NCNA Convention was held in Greensboro, NC.

Why the Caged Bird Sings

Each of these "disabled celebrities", along with countless others, were once thought of as "caged" by their disability. But they had teachers who cared, who recognized their abilities, who applauded them warmly from the wings. They were once "special children" who, with the help of someone who loved them, taught them, mentored them, became – if you will – "special disabled celebrities." Their teachers played a large part in helping these "caged birds" to sing.

Poet, actor and playwright Neil Marcus has dystonia and describes himself as a "fantastic spastic". He challenged conventional ideas about disability in his play, Storm Reading, voted one of Los Angeles' top ten plays of 1993. Harvey Jackins was the teacher that influenced him the most.

"The caged bird sings with a fearful trill" *

Helen Keller was blind, deaf and mute. Then "miracle worker" Anne Sullivan became her private teacher and changed her life forever. Helen Keller became an American author, political activist, and lecturer – the first deaf-blind person to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree.

"of things unknown but longed for still" *

Albert Einstein, thought to have Asperger's syndrome, developed his Special Theory of Relativity with his famous equation "e = mc2". He unlocked mysteries of the Universe previously unknown. But he had help along the way. As a student in the University of Zürich, his German mathematics teacher, Herman Minkowski, had a major influence on his ideas.

"and his tune is heard on the distant hill" *

Andrea Bocelli is perhaps the greatest singer in the world. Celine Dion once said, “If God could sing, He would sound a lot like Andrea Bocelli.” Blind since the age of 12, someone always guides him on stage to the waiting microphone – always to uproarious applause. Famous Italian tenor Franco Corelli was not only his friend and mentor, but his teacher. Click to hear Bocelli now!

"for the caged bird sings of freedom." *

Think back. Who was your favorite teacher? I have more than one. They are the teachers at the Frankie Lemmon School in Raleigh. I got to know them quite well during my 4 years as a volunteer there. In my opinion, they are more than teachers – they are saints in charge of teaching "caged birds" to sing. If you have a special needs child between the ages of 3-6, run, walk or crawl your little one to see for yourself how they'll interact with both teachers and students. Meet the staff. Take a tour of this fabulous school. You won't regret it!

Watch this utterly fascinating video of famous people with disabilities.
Careful! You may learn that some of them have the same disability as you!

* Maya Angelou ― I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings

Author Patrick Simpson and his wheelchair-restricted wife Anne uncover their experiences exploring historical and cultural experiences around the world. Visit now to learn how independent travel for disabled persons is not only possible, it can be fun!! www.booksbypatricksimpson.com